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13/12/2009

MP3 players face noise limits recommended by EU

MP3 players face noise limits recommended by EU

Earphone
Scientific experts say the maximum setting should be 85 decibels

The European Commission is calling for a suggested maximum volume to be set on MP3 players, to protect users' hearing.

The commission wants all MP3 players sold in the EU, including iPods, to share the same volume limits.

This follows a report last year warning that up to 10m people in the EU face permanent hearing loss from listening to loud music for prolonged periods.

EU experts want the default maximum setting to be 85 decibels, according to BBC One's Politics Show.

Users would be able to override this setting to reach a top limit of 100 decibels.

In January, a two-month consultation of all EU standardisation bodies will begin on these proposals, with a final agreement expected in the spring.

Some personal players examined in testing facilities have been found to reach 120 decibels, the equivalent of a jet taking off, and no safety default level currently applies, although manufacturers are obliged to print information about risks in the instruction manuals.

An mp3 player
Scientific experts say the maximum setting should be 85 decibels

Modern personal players are seen as more dangerous than stationary players or old-fashioned cassette or disk players because they can store hours of music and are often listened to while in traffic with the volume very high to drown out outside noise.

Dr Robin Yeoh, an audiology consultant at the Epsom and St Helier NHS Trust, said: "More and more young people are referred to me by their GPs with tinnitus or hearing loss as a direct result to exposure to loud music.

"It's the sort of damage that in the old days would have come from industrial noise.

"The damage is permanent and will often play havoc with their employment opportunities and their personal lives."

'Personal choice'

DigitalEurope, the Brussels-based body representing the industry, agrees safety must be improved.

But according to their spokesman Tony Graziano, "the solution must lie in a balance between safety and enjoyment of the product by the consumer".

"Eighty five decibels would not be appropriate because noise coming from traffic, engines and so on would obliterate the sound," he said.

Conservative MEP Martin Callanan, who sits on the European Parliament's Environment, Public Health and Food Safety Committee, said: "Kids have always listened to their music loud and this is not going to stop them."

He added: "You have to educate them to the risks but ultimately you have to allow personal responsibility and personal choice."  BBC


13/12/2009

Belgrade-Sarajevo railway reopens after 17 years

A rail link has re-opened between the capitals of Serbia and Bosnia, almost 17 years after it was cut during the conflict in the former Yugoslavia.

The line between Belgrade and Sarajevo was damaged in the fighting between Serbs, Croats and Bosnian Muslims.

The journey time is now two hours longer than it was before the war, as the track is in such poor condition.

Sunday's first train had only 17 passengers in its three carriages, nine of whom planned to travel to Sarajevo.

Railway officials say they hope the line, once popular with skiers and businesspeople, will attract more people during the winter holidays.

Nostalgia

The BBC's Mark Lowen in Belgrade says the line was very much a part of the "golden era" of Yugoslavia during the 1970s and 80s, symbolising what then President Tito called "brotherhood and unity" among the country's six republics.

This is a special event for us in Serbia to re-establish some connections between two countries and two people
Branko Rogosic, passenger

People could start the day in an Ottoman-style cafe in the Bosnian capital before taking an easy six-hour ride in comfortable carriages to party in Belgrade.

But as the country spiralled into ethnic hatred and brutal war, the train route was stopped in its tracks, our correspondent says. Sections of the route were destroyed in intense fighting.

The wars left a fragile relationship between Serbia and Bosnia-Hercegovina, making travel between the two difficult, he adds.

But, our correspondent says, perhaps the re-opening will come to represent another step on the gradual path to reconciliation between these Balkan neighbours as the scars of war continue to heal.

Map

Before boarding the train on Saturday morning, Branko Rogosic recalled the last time he took the direct service in 1987.

"This is a special event for us in Serbia to re-establish some connections between two countries and two people. We intend to go to Sarajevo because of this train," he told the BBC.

Ivan Bagovic, who used to take the train frequently, said that while there were more alternative means of transport today, "the train is the most romantic one".

"I think I will take it in a nostalgic way. That sound of the train is beautiful. It gives us something we have not had in a long time." BBC

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